Lots of scientists are using observations and math to figure out what these are. Energy like light, heat, and X-rays, together with matter like people, elephants, planet Earth, the sun, and all the galaxies only makes up 5% of the universe! That’s not very much.ĭark matter and dark energy raise some of the biggest questions in the study of space and physics. That’s almost all of it! That only leaves a small 5% for all the matter and energy we know and understand. Together, dark energy and dark matter make up 95% of the universe. But it seems that 27% of the universe, or about one quarter, is made up of the strange stuff. Just like dark energy, we don’t know a whole lot about dark matter. It’s not anything that we have ever heard of. We can see its pull on matter like stars and galaxies. There is also stuff out there in space that has gravity. Dark energy makes up 68%, about two-thirds, of the universe. We don’t know much about dark energy, but we do know there is a lot of it. Scientists named this energy dark energy. There has to be energy that is making the universe expand. But if the universe is only made of the galaxies, stars, planets, and other things that we know about, it shouldn’t be expanding. When scientists study our universe, they see that it’s expanding. And we don’t fully understand what it is. Yes, there is a lot of amazing space stuff, but if we add it all up, it’s just a very small part of the entire universe. You might be thinking, “But of course we do! It’s made of galaxies, stars, planets, black holes, comets, asteroids, and all the other cool space stuff!” This might be a surprise, but we don’t know what most of the universe is made of. That only leaves a small 5% for all the matter and energy we know and understand. Together, dark matter and dark energy make up 95% of the universe. Dark matter is stuff in space that has gravity, but it is unlike anything scientists have ever seen before.
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